Chinese Government Leadership
The Chinese government leadership revolves around the Communist Party of China (CPC). The General Secretary leads the party, serving as the paramount leader. The Politburo is a key decision-making body, and the Politburo Standing Committee (PSC) is its highest-ranking subset, consisting of seven members, including the General Secretary. The PSC plays a crucial role in formulating and executing policies and the leadership structure emphasizes collective decision-making
Xi Jinping - President. He performs all the ceremonial functions as the head of the state, appoints Chinese ambassadors and other diplomatic agents in foreign countries, he covers different roles as the General Secretary of the Communist Party of China, Chairman of the CPC Central Military Commission, and President of the People's Republic of China.
Li Qiang – Premier. He is the second-highest-ranking person in China's political system. He presides over the plenary and executive meetings of the State Council and is assisted by four vice premiers in their work. He is responsible for organizing and administering the Chinese civil bureaucracy.
Zhao Leji - Head of the National People's Congress. His main responsibility involves the enactment of new laws and the adjustment of existing ones that deal with civil rights, criminal offenses, state institutions and other pressing issues.
Wang Huning – chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. He handles the regular activities of the Standing Committee and presides over its work. The chairman is also a member of the Chairperson's Council, which handles the day-to-day affairs of the Standing Committee.
Han Zheng - Vice President of the People's Republic of China since 2023. He previously served as Senior Vice Premier of the State Council from 2018. He has also been leader of the Central Leading Group on Hong Kong and Macau Affairs from April 2018. He served as Mayor of Shanghai from 2003 and Party Secretary of Shanghai from 2012
China's four vice premiers:
Ding Xuexiang - Executive Vice Premier and a member of the Politburo Standing Committee.
He Lifeng - Vice Premier, and a member of the Politburo Standing Committee.
Zhang Guoqing - Vice Premier and a member of the Politburo Standing Committee.
Liu Guozhong - Vice Premier and a member of the Politburo Standing Committee.
Vice premiers hold a position of authority below the premier and above state council members and ministers. They have various duties and in case of the premier's incapability, the first vice-premier takes charge.
Below the vice premiers, but above cabinet ministers, are China's five state councillors:
Li Shangfu - Minister of National Defense. His main functions include leading the Chinese military, formulating national defense policies, implementing military reforms, managing the defense budget, and representing China in defense-related matters.
Wang Xiaohong - Public Security Minister. He is in charge of maintaining both civil and governmental security. It is in charge of more than 1.9 million law enforcement personnel nationwide, including the vast majority of the People's Police.
Wu Zhenglong - Secretary-General of the State Council. The Secretary-General is in control of the State Council General Office and is in charge of the day-to-day operations of the State Council. A few Deputy Secretaries-General of the State Council help the officeholder.
Shen Yiqin - Country State Councilor. After the appointment, she has become the highest-ranking woman in China. The State Council directly oversees provincial-level People's Governments, and in practice maintains membership with the top levels of the CCP.
Wang Yi - Minister of Foreign Affairs. His main duties include developing foreign policy, managing the country's diplomatic missions, defending Chinese interests at the UN, negotiating treaties and other international agreements, and giving advice to the State Council on international issues.
Pan Gongsheng - Governor of the People’s Bank of China. He is in charge of implementing monetary policy and oversees financial organizations on the mainland in accordance with the People's Bank Law and the Commercial Bank Law. It is an executive agency at the State Council's cabinet level.
Zheng Shanjie - Minister of the National Development and Reform Commission. He oversees a macroeconomic management organization under the State Council, which has extensive administrative and planning authority over the economy of Mainland China.
Liu Kun - Minister of Finance. He is in charge of managing the yearly budget and macroeconomic policies. It also manages the state's budget, economic rules, and government spending. Additionally, the ministry compiles and disseminates annual macroeconomic statistics on the Chinese economy.
Wang Wentao - Minister of Commerce. He is responsible for formulating policy on foreign trade, export and import regulations, foreign direct investments, consumer protection, market competition and negotiating bilateral and multilateral trade agreements.
Jin Zhuanglong - Minister of Industry and Information Technology. His main duties include drawing up China’s industrial planning and policies, monitoring the daily operation of industrial branches, promoting the development of major technological equipment administrating the communication sector.
Wang Zhigang - Minister of Science and Technology. The ministry is in charge of developing guidelines and pertinent policies for the advancement of science and technology in China as well as fostering general and specialized scientific and technological study.
Huai Jinpeng - Minister of Education. He is in charge of primary education, vocational education, higher education, and other educational matters all over the nation. Most of China's national public institutions and colleges are also supported financially by the Ministry of Education.
Pan Yue - Minister of the National Ethnic Affairs Commission. The Ministry is responsible for relations between the Chinese government and ethnic minorities in China. It supervises the implementation and monitors the performance of national and regional systems to manage ethnic minorities.
Wang Xiaohong - Minister of Public Security. His responsibilities include preventing and investigating criminal and terrorist activities, maintaining stability and order, administering various documentation processes, maintaining border security, protecting designated persons and facilities, and supervising public information networks and various organizations.
Chen Yixin - Minister of State Security. He is the principal civilian intelligence, security and secret police agency of the People's Republic of China, responsible for counterintelligence, foreign intelligence and political security.
Tang Dengjie - Minister of Civil Affairs. His main duties are as follows: formulate development plans and policies for civil affairs; responsible for registration and monitoring of social groups, funds, and private non-enterprise units; develop disaster response policies, organize and coordinate relief efforts.
He Rong - Minister of Justice. He is responsible for legal affairs. His responsibilities include drawing up guidelines and policies for judicial administration, drafting laws and regulations, formulating department rules, formulating working plans for judicial work, and supervising the implementation.
Wang Xiaoping - Minister of Human Resources and Social Security. He is responsible for national labor policies, standards, and regulations and for managing national social security. This includes labor force management, labor relationship adjustment, social insurance management, and construction of labor laws.
Wang Guanghua - Minister of Natural Resources. His major functions include supervising the development, utilization, and protection of China's natural resources, establishing and implementing a spatial planning system, unifying investigations and rights registration, managing surveying, mapping, and geological exploration industries.
Huang Runqiu - Minister of Ecology and Environment. He is appointed with the task of protecting China's air, water, and land from pollution and contamination. His major functions include: formulating and of eco-environmental policies and plans; supervising and managing pollution prevention, and nuclear and radiation safety.
Ni Hong - Minister of Housing and Urban-Rural Development. His main responsibilities are guiding the planning and construction of rural and urban areas in China; drawing up national standards of construction; guiding construction activities and regulating the construction market of China.
Li Xiaopeng - Minister of Transport. His main duties are to formulate and implement development plans, policies, and standards of industries of road, water, and air transportation, and take charge of planning and coordination related to the promotion and organization of integrated transport systems.
Li Guoying - Minister of Water Resources. The Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of China is the department within China's Central People's Government responsible for managing water resources in China.
Tang Renjian - Minister of Agriculture and Rural Affairs. He is responsible for promoting the modernization of China's agriculture sector, improving agricultural productivity and sustainability, and addressing issues related to food security and rural poverty. Additionally, he works to develop rural infrastructure.
Hu Heping - Minister of Culture and Tourism. He organizes major national cultural activities, guides the construction of cultural facilities, promotes the image of China's tourism, and facilitates international cooperation. Additionally, formulates the implementation of tourism market development strategies.
Ma Xiaowei - Minister of National Health Commission. He is primarily responsible for formulating national health strategies, policies, and laws, promoting the reform of China’s medical and health system, supervising the medical sector and public health conditions, and guiding family planning and aging population policy work.
Pei Jinjia - Minister of Veterans Affairs. He is responsible for military veterans in the country. His main functions include the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of military personnel and their families and improving the service and management system of demobilized military personnel.
Wang Xiangxi - Minister of Emergency Management. He is responsible for compiling and implementing emergency management plans, as well as organizing rescue and relief for disasters and workplace accidents. He is also in charge of work safety and the prevention and control of fire, flood, drought, and geographical disasters.
Hou Kai – Auditor General of the National Audit Office. The duties and functions are enumerated as follows supervise the implementation of the budget certify receipt and payment orders, examine financial activities, certify annual financial reports, inspect irregularities and dereliction of duties concerning financial activities.